Tradition Chinese Medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

What should you know about TCM?

1-Basic Theories.

2-How to Diagnosis. 

3-Chinese medicinal herbs and formulas.

4-Treatment by Acupuncture and moxibustion.

Yin and Yang refer to the opposite aspects of mutually related things and phenomena

In TCM vital energy is Qi

Qi(vital energy), Blood & Body Fluid

Zangfu-organ: There are 5 organs in TCM  known as Zang-fu Organs.

Five Zang-organs as an integration

      physiological system of human body

System Five zangs  Six fu   Five Tissues   Orifice     Meridian

 H. S     Heart          S.I       vessel           tongue     H. S.I

 Li.S      Liver          G.B      tendon          eye         Li. G.B

 Sp.S    Spleen        St.       muscle         mouth     Sp. St.

 Lu.S     Lung          L.I        skin              nose        Lu.  L.I

 Kid.S   Kidney       U.B      bone             ear         Kid. U.B

 Each of five systems connected to form the integration through meridians, and each unit in which   become component of the integration

Zang organs and Fu organs

Historical Review

1. solid organ and hollow organ  

2. Viscera and bow

3. Yin organ and yang organ

4. Zang organ and Fu organ 

Etiology of TCM

Six exogenous pathogenic factors

1. wind
2. summer-heat
3. dampness
4. dryness
5. cold
6. hear(fire)

-six abnormal climatic changes

-six pathogenic factors

Differentiation of syndromes and Treatment

Eight principles or -parameters

• Yin and Yang
• Exterior and interior
• Cold and heat
• Deficiency and excess

Treatment

Principles of Treatment in TCM includes

 treat cold  with heat 

 treat  heat with  cold

  

 treat  deficiency with  tonification

 treat  excess   with reduction 

Acupuncture

Terminology: acupuncture & moxibustion

acu- (sharp) +  puncture (prick)

moxi (moxa) + bustion (burning)

An overview of  TCM 

(INTRODUCTION)

TCM is a system of diagnosis and healthcare approaches, an component of worldwide medicines.

It has its own characters: Chinese history, holistic on human body, syndrome differentiation, acupuncture, moxibustion, tuina, etc. 

Part I.   The subject property

1. belong to the category of natural science

   The science of CM is the subject originated from ancient China, deal with the research on human life, health and diseases.

2. possess the characters of social science

3. deeply influenced by ancient philosophy

4. the result of mutual infiltration among different subjects

Part II. The formation and development of TCM

-Definition of “system of TCM”: Theoretical system of TCM is the holism including mechanism(pathology), treatment principle,prescription and herbs(points), the scientific knowledge system concerning about basic concept, basic mechanism and basic method.

-Instruction—the concept of holism.

-Philosophical foundation: essential-Qi, Yin-yang, Five-elements

-Physiological foundation:Zang-fu, Meridians and collateral, essence, Qi, blood,and body fluid.

-Pathological foundation: six exogenous evils, seven emotions, irregular food intake, over-work and over-rest.

-Diagnosis and treatment character: treatment based on syndrome differentiation.

1. The formation of theoretical system TCM

Times: Warring stage to Han Dynasty 

Four classics：

1. Huangdi’s Canon on Medicine.
2. Canon of Medical Problems .
3. Treatises on Exogenous Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Diseases. 
4. Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic.

2. Establishment of system TCM

-Four classics are symbol of the establishment.

-Canon of Medicine is the foundation for TCM theory.

A. Stress on holism.

B. Relation between superficial parts and internal organs.

C. Ancient philosophical thoughts.

D. Building up the organic holism by the center of Five-zang organs.

3. Development of system TCM

(1). Enriching period
- Canon of Classic is the first monograph on pulse

- A-B Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion is the first monograph on theory of Acupuncture

- General treatise on the causes and syndromes of diseases is the first monograph on etiology,pathology and
 syndromes

- Valuable Prescriptions is the first medical encyclopaedia.

(2).  A breakthrough in development

- Prescriptions Assigned to the Three Categories deal with the theory of three different causes.

- Key to Therapeutics of Children’s Diseases is the first book discussing Zang-fu differentiation.

(3). Further development (Ming and Qing Dynasty)

- Classified Canon and Complete Works of Jing-yue put forward that yang is never in excess while yin is deficient, and treatment must reinforce yin and yang.

- Thorough Knowledge of Medicine considered that Ming Men is between two kidneys and in charge of whole body’s yang Qi.

(4). Combination of both TCM and Western Medicine (recent years)

- Records of TCM and Western Medicine in Combination made bold attempt to integrate TCM and Western Medicine into one system

- continue to development

- system and standard

Part III   features of TCM

>Concept of holism (wholeness)

>Treatment based on syndrome differentiation

Holism

Human body is an organic whole, human beings are interrelated with nature and social conditions

1.Human body is an organic whole

2.Human beings are integrated with natural   conditions

3.Human beings are integrated with social conditions

Treatment based on syndrome differentiation:

Syndrome :

Syndrome is a summarization of the development of a disease at a certain stage, including cause,location, nature,pathogenesis and the relevant symptoms and signs.

Take “external syndrome due to exogenous wind and cold” for example.

The cause is : wind and cold .

The location is : in the superficies .

The nature is : cold.

The pathogenesis is :wind and cold encumbering the superficies and the pulmonary Qi failing to disperse.

The main symptoms brought about are mild fever,anhidrosis,pain of head and body,stuffy nose with clear nasal discharge,or cough,thin whitish fur as well as floating and tense pulse,etc.

For further knowledge about TCM ( Traditional Chinese Medicine )

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